Aspirin inhibits the growth of hypertrophic scar in rabbit ears via regulating Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have certain side effects in the treatment of hypertrophic scar, and the scar recurrence is easy after withdrawal of steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. Finding reliable alternative drugs is an effective means to improve this defect. Aspirin, a traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is safe for topical use and has anti-inflammatory effects similar to those of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which may have similar effects on the treatment of hypertrophic scar. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of aspirin on the proliferation of hypertrophic scar in rabbit ears and the underlying mechanism.@*METHODS@#The rabbit ear hypertrophic scar models were prepared. The rabbits were randomly divided into a normal skin group (group A), a blank control group (group B), a 0.9% NaCl group (group C), a 0.2% aspirin group (group D), a 0.5% aspirin group (group E), a 2% aspirin group (group F), and a triamcinolone acetonide group (group G). Macroscopic observation of hyperplasia was performed 8 weeks after local injection of the scar, followed by collecting the scar tissue samples for HE staining, Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry, respectively to assess the proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen fibers, and calculate the hypertrophic index, microvessel density, and immunohistochemical score.@*RESULTS@#All rabbit ear hypertrophic scar models were successfully constructed. In groups B and C, the hypertrophic scar edge was irregular, with reddish protruding epidermis, significant contracture and hard touch. In group D, E, and F, with the increase of aspirin administration concentration, the scar became thinner and gradually flat, the proliferation of fibrocytes and collagen fibers was weakened, and the hypertrophic index was gradually decreased (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of β-catenin was decreased in the group D, E and F in turn, and the immunohistochemical score was gradually decreased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in hypertrophic index, microvessel density, and immunohistochemical score (all P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Local injection of aspirin can reduce the generation of hypertrophic scar in a dose-dependent manner within a certain concentration range; aspirin inhibits the growth of hypertrophic scar in rabbit ears by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway; 2% aspirin and 40 mg/mL triamcinolone acetonide have similar curative efficacy on hypertrophic scar.

Autophagy, not apoptosis, plays a role in lumen formation of eccrine gland organoids / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Sweat secreted by eccrine sweat glands is transported to the skin surface through the lumen. The eccrine sweat gland develops from the initial solid bud to the final gland structure with a lumen, but how the lumen is formed and the mechanism of lumen formation have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of lumen formation of eccrine gland organoids (EGOs).@*METHODS@#Human eccrine sweat glands were isolated from the skin for tissue culture, and the primary cultured cells were collected and cultured in Matrigel for 14 days in vitro. EGOs at different development days were collected for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining to observe morphological changes and for immunofluorescence staining of proliferation marker Ki67, cellular motility marker filamentous actin (F-actin), and autophagy marker LC3B. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Ki67, F-actin, and LC3B. Moreover, apoptosis was detected using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) apoptosis assay kit, and the expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and Caspase-3 was detected by Western blot. In addition, 3-methyladenine (3MA) was used as an autophagy inhibitor to detect whether the formation of sweat glands can be effectively inhibited.@*RESULTS@#The results showed that a single gland cell proliferated rapidly and formed EGOs on day 4. The earliest lumen formation was observed on day 6. From day 8 to day 14, the rate of lumen formation in EGOs increased significantly. The immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses showed that the expression of Ki67 gradually decreased with the increase in days, while the F-actin expression level did not change. Notably, the expression of autophagy marker LC3B was detected in the interior cells of EGOs as the apoptosis signal of EGOs was negative. Compared with the control group, the autophagy inhibitor 3MA can effectively limit the formation rate of the lumen and reduce the inner diameter of EGOs.@*CONCLUSION@#Using our model of eccrine gland 3D-reconstruction in Matrigel, we determined that autophagy rather than apoptosis plays a role in the lumen formation of EGOs.

Related influencing factors of gynecological diseases in grassroot level female medical staffs / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and relevant influencing factors of gynecological diseases of grassroot level female medical staffs. METHODS: A total of 2 308 female medical workers from county, town and village in hengxian County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as study subjects by cluster sampling method. The basic information, occupational history, reproductive health and fertility of these subjects were investigated by Reproducetive Health Survey Questionnaine of Female Workers. RESULTS: The total prevalence of gynecological diseases in female medical staffs was 21.6%. Among them, the prevalence of genital tract infections was 15.6%, and gynecological tumors was 6.0%. The top three gynecologic diseases were vaginitis(9.2%), uterine fibroids(4.3%) and cervicitis(3.5%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results indicated that the younger the patients, the higher the risk of reproductive tract infectious diseases(P<0.01), and the lower the risk of gynecological tumors(P<0.01). The risk of reproductive tract infectious diseases and gynecological tumors in married patients was higher than that in unmarried staffs(P<0.05). The higher the number of abortions, the higher the risk of reproductive tract infectious diseases and gynecological tumors(P<0.01). The risk of reproductive tract infectious diseases was higher and the risk of gynecological tumors was lower in female shift workers than that of non-shift workers(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Vaginitis, uterine fibroids and cervicitis are the main gynecological diseases in grassroot level female medical staffs. The incidence of gynecological diseases is related to age, history of marriage, childbirth and abortion, and work-shifts.

Effect of family integrated care model on the growth and development in preterm infants / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of family integrated care (FIC) model on the growth and development in preterm infants. Methods A total of 128 cases of hospitalized preterm infants from January 2016 to June 2016 were selected and divided into intervention group(64 cases)and control group (64 cases) by random number table. Intervention group was received FIC after the condition was stable, control group was adopted current traditional preterm infants care. The weight, body length and head circumference of both group were recorded at 3rd month,Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA)was assessed at correction gestational aged 40 weeks,hospital stays were counted while outpatient visits and readmission case were collected within 3 month after discharge. Results The study included 118 cases,56 cases in intervention group and 62 cases in control group.The weight,body length and head circumference in intervention group was (4 315.77 ± 856.48) g,(54.22 ± 2.74)cm, (36.23 ± 1.25) cm at 3rd month,while in control group was(3 886.52±812.94)g,(53.84±2.61)cm,(35.99± 1.58)cm.It showed that the weight,body length and head circumference in intervention group were significantly higher than those in control group(t =2.785, 2.512, 1.785, P<0.01 or 0.05). The score of NBNA was (36.85 ± 2.01) points and hospital stays was(16.96±8.01)d in intervention group,while (35.97±1.86)points and(20.41±7.26)d in control group,there were significant differences(t=2.692,-2.534,all P<0.05).Incidence of outpatient visits and readmission were 14.29%(8/56),3.57%(2/56)in intervention group and 32.26%(20/62),14.51% (9/62) in control group, incidence of outpatient visits and readmission were significantly lower in intervention group as compared with control group (χ2=5.251, 4.170, all P<0.05). Conclusions FIC model is implemented in neonatal progressive care unit for preterm infants, it could promote growth and development in preterm infants,shorten the length of hospital stays,while decrease incidence of outpatient visits and readmission.

Combination effect of oncolytic virus H101 and radiation on apoptosis induction and toxicity in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the apoptosis and toxicity of oncolytic virus H101 combined with radiation on apoptosis of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. Methods A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells in exponential growth phase were divided into four groups: control ( PBS) group, radiation ( IR) group, oncolytic virus (H101) group and radiation combined with oncolytic virus (IR+H101) group. The cells were double dyed with Annexin fluorescein isothiocyanate ( V-FITC/PI ) and then the apoptosis ratio of cells in every group was detected by the flow cytometry. The cytotoxic effect of cells in every group was detected by lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) release test. The mRNA expression of oncolytic viruses H101 capsid protein Hexon was detected by real-time fluorescence PCR ( RT-PCR) to compare the oncolytic virus replication in each group. Results Cell apoptosis rate in H101 group (55. 37%) was significantly higher than that in PBS group (1.03%) (t =36.51, P <0.05). Cell apoptosis rate in IR + H101 group (93. 06%) was significantly higher than that in H101 group (55. 37%), IR group (12. 67%) and PBS group (1. 03%) (t=13. 51, 24. 14, 38. 99, P<0. 05). LDH releasing percentage in IR group and H101 group at different time after virus transfection was significantly higher than that in PBS group ( t=25. 84,39. 38, 32. 51, 78. 18, P<0. 05;t=31. 40, 2. 68, 23. 43, 60. 98, P<0. 05). LDH releasing percentage in IR+H101 group was significantly higher than that in PBS group (t=80. 71, 119. 74, 109. 80, 123. 94, P<0. 05), IR group (t=28. 80, 54. 34, 72. 34, 61. 91, P<0. 05) and H101 group (t=42. 02, 57. 45, 57. 01, 58. 83, P<0. 05). Compared with H101 group at the same time point, the mRNA expression of Hexon in IR + H101 group at 24, 48 and 72 h was increased by 16. 26, 28. 37 and 39. 58 times, respectively (t=54. 50, 33. 73, 29. 28, P<0. 05). Conclusions The oncolytic virus H101 plays a role of radiosensitization in tumor cells. Radiation also increases the replication of the oncolytic virus H101 and thereby enhances the oncolytic effect of the oncolytic virus H101. Therefore, oncolytic virus H101 combined with radiotherapy has synergistic effect on killing tumor cells.

Reproductive health status of female workers in a railway system and possible influencing factors / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the reproductive health status of female workers in a railway system and possible influencing factors.@*Methods@#From January to June, 2016, a cross-sectional epidemiological investigation was performed to collect 2 165 female workers aged 17-55 years. A women’s health questionnaire was used to collect the data on their occupation and health, and their reproductive health status was analyzed.@*Results@#The female workers exposed to occupational hazards had significantly higher incidence rates of gynecological diseases, abnormal menstruation, and infertility than those not exposed to such hazards (χ2=32.29, 12.42, and 4.23, respectively, all P<0.05) . There were significant differences in the incidence rates of gynecological diseases, abnormal menstruation, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and pregnancy complications between the female workers with different working forms and states (χ2=17.19, 23.03, 200.65, and 21.28, respectively, all P<0.05) . There were significant differences in the incidence rates of gynecological diseases, abnormal menstruation, and pregnancy complications between the female workers with different behavioral habits (χ2=15.65, 36.23, and 25.35, respectively, all P<0.05) . The logistic regression analysis showed that exposure to occupational hazards, married state, medium-grade professional title or above, work in shifts, sitting for a long time, standing for a long time, and video operation were risk factors for gynecological diseases, and the prevalence rate of gynecological diseases increased with age. Exposure to occupational hazards, night shifts, staying up late, and sitting for a long time were risk factors for abnormal menstruation. Exposure to occupational hazards was a risk factor for infertility. Medium-grade professional title or above was a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Married state, medium-grade professional title or above, standing for a long time, and high mobility in job form and state were risk factors for pregnancy complications.@*Conclusion@#Exposure to occupational hazards, job form and state, and unhealthy behavioral habits may affect reproductive health status in female workers in the railway system.

The relationship between serum thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroid cancer / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between the incidence of thyroid carcinoma and TSH, and to provide evidence for clinical application.MethodsSelect 450 cases of patients with thyroid from August 2014 to August 2016 in our hospital as the object of study in this group, the analysis of gender and age of patients, lymph nodes, tumor, laboratory examination results, to explore the relationship between TSH levels and thyroid cancer.ResultsThyroid patients with TSH was significantly higher than that in benign tumor group (P<0.05);the level of TSH and patients with lesion diameter, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and capsule invasion was significantly correlated (P<0.05), but the level of TSH and age, gender, tumor number, vascular invasion and no significant correlation;TSH the level of thyroid cancer patients were significantly increased (P<0.05).ConclusionThe level of TSH in serum is closely related to the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer, and is closely related to lymph node metastasis and tumor stage, and the higher TSH level can increase the risk of thyroid cancer.

Effects of different-states-squatting on surface electromyography of thigh muscles and lumbar multifidus muscle / 实用医学杂志

Objective This work aimed to observe averaged electromyogram(AEMG)changes in surface electromyography(sEMG)of thigh muscles and lumbar multifidus muscles in different states of squat training. Then,to find out which is the most effective for squat training. Methods A total of 46 healthy volunteers were selected and divided into two groups,namely,with and without leaning against the wall.sEMG was used to record vastus lateralis muscle,vastus medialis muscle,biceps femoris muscle,and lumbar multifidus muscles at differ-ent knee flexion angles(30°,45°,60°,and 75°). AEMG was analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of vari-ance. Results Different knee flexion angles exerted significant effects on AEMG of all tested muscles(P <0.001).Whether leaning against the wall to squat had a significant impact on AEMG of biceps femoris muscle,but not on vastus lateralis muscle,vastus medialis muscle and lumbar multifidus muscles. Significant difference was detected in interactions of knee flexion angle,and the same to the factor of with and without leaning against the wall on examined AEMG of the thigh muscle,but not for lumbar multifidus muscles. Multiple comparisons showed,the AEMG level of the tested muscles was significantly increased when the knee flexion angles was 75°. Conclusions With increased knee flexion angle,muscle activation has enheanced for vastus lateralis muscle, vastus medialis muscle,biceps femoris muscle and lumbar multifidus muscles. Squatting without leaning against the wall exerts a more marked influence on activation of biceps femoris muscle,but no activation for vastus lateralis muscle,vastus medialis muscle and lumbar multifidus muscles.

Effect of hirudin on janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage L / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of hirudin on janus kinase 2 / signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2 / STAT3)signaling pathway in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods A total of 216 healthy male Wistar rats were divided into sham operation group,model group, and hirudin group (n =72 in each group)using random digit table. The model of cerebral hemorrhage was induced by injecting autologous arterial blood into the caudate nucleus,and the equal volume isotonic saline was used instead of autologous arterial blood in the sham operation group. Hirudin were injected at 6,24, 72,and 120 h,respectively in the hirudin group,while the sham operation group and the model group were injected with isotonic saline during same period. Neurobehavioral scores,brain water content and brain coefficients of the 3 groups at the different time points were compared. The changes of brain cell apoptosis were detected with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/ propidium iodide double staining flow cytometry. The expression levels of phosphorylated JAK2 (p-JAK2)and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3)in brain tissue were detected with Western blot. Results (1)Compared with the sham operation group at same time period,neurobehavioral score,brain water content,brain coefficients,brain cell apoptosis rate,and the expression levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were increased significantly in the rats of the model group. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (all P < 0. 05). Compared with the model group at same time period,neurobehavioral score,brain water content,brain coefficients,and brain cell apoptosis rate were decreased significantly in the rats of the hirudin group. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (all P <0. 05). (2)At 6,24,72,and 120 h after modeling,the expression levels of p-JAK2 were 0. 632 ±0. 036,0. 783 ± 0. 045,1. 250 ± 0. 071,and 1. 006 ± 0. 052,respectively,and those of p-STAT3 were 0. 155 ±0. 005,0. 193 ±0. 006,0. 379 ±0. 012,and 0. 317 ± 0. 010,respectively in model group. The expression levels of p-JAK2 were 0. 267 ± 0. 014,0. 248 ± 0. 013,0. 329 ± 0. 018,and 0. 283 ±0. 016,respectively,and those of p-STAT3 were 0. 139 ± 0. 004,0. 081 ± 0. 001,0. 283 ± 0. 009, and 0. 174 ± 0. 005,respectively in the hirudin group. The expression levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 in hirudin group were lower than those in the model group. There were significant differences between the two groups (all P < 0. 05). Conclusion Hirudin can reduce apoptosis of brain cells after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats,its protective mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of JAK2 / STAT3 signaling pathway.

Combination effect of oncolytic virus H101 and radiation on apoptosis induction and toxicity in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the apoptosis and toxicity of oncolytic virus H101 combined with radiation on apoptosis of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. Methods A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells in exponential growth phase were divided into four groups: control ( PBS) group, radiation ( IR) group, oncolytic virus (H101) group and radiation combined with oncolytic virus (IR+H101) group. The cells were double dyed with Annexin fluorescein isothiocyanate ( V-FITC/PI ) and then the apoptosis ratio of cells in every group was detected by the flow cytometry. The cytotoxic effect of cells in every group was detected by lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) release test. The mRNA expression of oncolytic viruses H101 capsid protein Hexon was detected by real-time fluorescence PCR ( RT-PCR) to compare the oncolytic virus replication in each group. Results Cell apoptosis rate in H101 group (55. 37%) was significantly higher than that in PBS group (1.03%) (t =36.51, P <0.05). Cell apoptosis rate in IR + H101 group (93. 06%) was significantly higher than that in H101 group (55. 37%), IR group (12. 67%) and PBS group (1. 03%) (t=13. 51, 24. 14, 38. 99, P<0. 05). LDH releasing percentage in IR group and H101 group at different time after virus transfection was significantly higher than that in PBS group ( t=25. 84,39. 38, 32. 51, 78. 18, P<0. 05;t=31. 40, 2. 68, 23. 43, 60. 98, P<0. 05). LDH releasing percentage in IR+H101 group was significantly higher than that in PBS group (t=80. 71, 119. 74, 109. 80, 123. 94, P<0. 05), IR group (t=28. 80, 54. 34, 72. 34, 61. 91, P<0. 05) and H101 group (t=42. 02, 57. 45, 57. 01, 58. 83, P<0. 05). Compared with H101 group at the same time point, the mRNA expression of Hexon in IR + H101 group at 24, 48 and 72 h was increased by 16. 26, 28. 37 and 39. 58 times, respectively (t=54. 50, 33. 73, 29. 28, P<0. 05). Conclusions The oncolytic virus H101 plays a role of radiosensitization in tumor cells. Radiation also increases the replication of the oncolytic virus H101 and thereby enhances the oncolytic effect of the oncolytic virus H101. Therefore, oncolytic virus H101 combined with radiotherapy has synergistic effect on killing tumor cells.

Epidemiological survey of hepatitis B virus serologic markers among university freshmen in Beijing / 中华全科医师杂志

To analyze the test results of five serum markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among university freshmen from 2007 to 2012.Among a total of 10 827 freshmen,there were 5 021 freshmen from 2007 to 2009 with all five serum markers.The overall ratio of HBsAg positive was 4.5％,4.8％,4.8％ and 4.0％ for each year.And it had no statistically significant difference.The overall ratio of single-HBsAb positive was 34.8％,37.4％,29.0％ and 37.9％ for each year and the figure of 2008 was lower than those of 2007 and 2009 (P ＜ 0.01).The overall ratio of five markers all negative were 58.3％,55.4％,63.9％ and 55.8％ for each year and the figure of 2008 was higher than those of 2007 and 2009 (P ＜ 0.01).And 34.5％ of HBsAg positive freshmen were HBsAg(+),HBeAg (+),HBcAb (+) and 44.2％ HBsAg(+),HBeAb(+),HBcAb(+).The prevalence ratio of HBsAg for males was higher than that for females (5.1％ vs.3.2％,P ＜0.01).Among 5 806 freshmen tested during 2010-2012,522(9.0％) had a serum level of alanine transaminase (ALT) ＞ 40 U/L,including HBsAg positive (n =12),single anti-HBs positive (n =213) and five negatives (n =288).Approximate 50％ university freshmen have no anti-HBs indicating a low level of immunity.And the students should acquire the knowledge of hepatitis B,improve the ratio of vaccination,strengthen the monitoring and prevent its spread through concerted measures.

The levels and correlation analysis of trace elements in maternal blood, breast milk and infant blood / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation of trace elements in maternal blood,breast milk and infant blood.Methods Atomic absorption spectrographic method was used to measure blood and milk trace elements [calcium (Ca),ferrum (Fe),zinc (Zn),magnesium (Mg),copper(Cu)] of maternal of natural delivery and infant in 250 cases,then to analyze the correlation of trace elements in maternal blood,breast milk and infant blood in postpartum 42 days.Results There were statistically significant differences in trace elements between the maternal blood,breast milk and infant blood (P ＜ 0.05).There was a positive correlation of Ca,and Fe between maternal blood and infant blood [Ca (r =0.221,P =0.047),Fe (r =0.107,P =0.043)];Fe had a positive correlation between breast milk and infant blood (r =0.139 P =0.035);There was a positive correlation of the trace elements between maternal blood and milk,but no correlation in Mg.Conclusions There was the gradient of trace elements in maternal blood and breast milk in postpartum 42 days.It can keep breast milk in a certain percentage of trace element and contribute to absorption of trace elements and growth and development in infant.The regular determination of trace elements during pregnancy and postpartum in women and their infant can direct a balanced diet and advocate breastfeeding.It can also prevent the lack of calcium,iron,zinc and other trace elements in infant.

Analysis of risk factors associated with acute renal failure in critically ill obstetric patients in intensive care unit / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To analyze the risk factors associated with acute renal failure (ARF) in critically ill obstetric patients in intensive care unit (ICU).Methods A retrospective analysis of 192 critically ill obstetric patients admitted to the ICU for postpartum complications was conducted. There were 10 patients excluded because 3 died of amniotic embolism with massive hemorrhage in ICU and 7 had incomplete records, therefore, only 182 critically ill obstetric patients were enrolled in this study. According to the occurrence of ARF or not, the patients were divided into ARF group (68 cases) and non-ARF group (114 cases). The indicators of preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, thrombocytopenia), acute fatty pregnancy liver, postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis were collected in the two groups. The main drugs used in the 4 days after delivery were as follows: ① plasma volume expanders: fluids (crystalloids, artificial colloids, hypertonic albumin and 4% serum albumin) and blood products (packed red cells, concentrated platelets, fibrinogen, fresh frozen plasma and activated factor Ⅶ); ② antifibrinolytic drug: tranexamic acid; ③ anti-hypertensive drugs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), diuretics; ④ nephrotoxic drugs: aminoglycosides, contrast agent. The above indexes were firstly analyzed by the univariate method, and the risk factors with statistical significance were further analyzed by multivariate logistic regression method to screen out the independent risk factors of developing ARF in critically ill obstetric patients in ICU.Results Univariate analysis showed that HELLP syndrome, tranexamic acid and hypertonic albumin infusion used in 4 days after delivery were the risk factors of ARF (χ2 value was 4.92, 4.29, 5.53, respectively, allP < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed: HELLP syndrome [odds ratio (OR) = 10.478, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.248 - 17.953,P = 0.030] and hypertonic albumin infusion used in 4 days after delivery [OR = 6.632, 95%CI was 1.211 - 16.328,P = 0.029] were the independent risk factors to develop ARF.Conclusions The occurrence of ARF in a critically ill obstetric patient in ICU is a process involving multiple factors, therefore, it is necessary to fully recognize the risk factors influencing the development of this disease; the presence of HELLP syndrome and hypertonic albumin infusion used in 4 days after delivery are the independent risk factors of developing ARF. Thus, particular attention should be paid to those patients with such high risk factors to decrease the incidence of ARF.

Incidence of tuberculosis at a university from 2007 to 2010 / 中华全科医师杂志

The statistics of purified protein derivative (PPD) test and chest radiograph of freshmen at a university from 2007 to 2010 were collected and examined.The result showed 25 tuberculosis cases (a prevalence rate of 0.18％) and 1 790 cases (13.40％) with strong positive PPD.After giving informed consents,the students with strong positive result and no abnormality on chest radiograph were divided into two groups.The treatment group (n =814) received precautionary anti-tuberculosis treatment while the nontreatment group (n =976) had no treatment.And 34 tuberculosis cases were found during four years in school (0.25％).Except for freshmen in 2008,the prevalence rate of the strong positive PPD groups much higher than that of the positive and negative groups and the difference had statistic significance between the groups (x2 =23.20,10.58,18.80,P ＜ 0.05).Therefore PPD test and chest radiograph are two main methods for an early diagnosis of tuberculosis among freshmen.Adopting precautionary anti-tuberculosis treatment for students with strong positive PPD and regular physical examinations are effective measures for tuberculosis control at universities.

Effect of fluoxetine and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate on the lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin 6 release in cultured rat astrocytes / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of fluoxetine and pyrrolidine dithidarbamate (PDTC) on the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced interleukine-6(IL-6) release in cultured rat astrocytes.Methods The purified astrocytes were cultured in 48-well tissue culture plate and classified into control group,LPS group,fiuoxetine group and PDTC group.Control group and LPS group were cultured as usual,and fluoxetine group and PDTC group were cultured with fluoxetine or PDTC at different concentrations for 48 hours,and then LPS group,Fluoxetine group and PDTC group were incubated with 1 ug/ml LPS for 24 hours.Finally,the levels of IL-6 in the cell supernatant were detected by enzymatic linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.Results The level of IL-6 in LPS group ((1975.46 ± 171.54) pg/ml) was significantly higher than that in control group((10633 ± 782.15)pg/ml) (P ＜ 0.01).The levels of IL-6 were (6198.6 ± 379.4) pg/ml,(4973.6 ± 132.5) pg/ml and (4747.9 ±473.9) pg/ml respectively when the concentrations of fluoxetine were 10 μM,20 μM and 40 μM,and (4821.6 ±180.8) pg/ml,(4735.7 ±620.0)pg/ml and (3525.9 ± 240.0)pg/ml respectively when the concentrations of PDTC were 100 μM,150 μM and 200 μM.There was significant difference in the levels of IL-6 between LPS group and fluoxetine group (P ＜ 0.05),as well as between LPS group and fluoxetine group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion LPS can induce IL-6 release from astrocytes,while fluoxetine or PDTC at some concentrations can suppress LPS-induced IL-6 release.

Effect of fluoxetine on the viability and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α release of primary cultured rat astrocytes / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of fluoxetine on viability and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-α release of primary cultured rat astrocytes.MethodsThe cells were plated on 96-well tissue culture plates and treated with (5,10,20,40) μM fluoxetine for 24 hours,MTT method was used to measure the cell viability.The cells were plated on 48-well tissue culture plates,treated sequentially with (5,10,20,40) μM fluoxetine and 1 μg/ml LPS,and enzymatic linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the TNF-α level of the cell supematant.ResultsCompared to viability of the control group( OD value:0.20 ± 0.017 ),fluoxetine at the dose of 20 μM,40 μM increased the viability of astrocytes ( OD value:0.23 ± 0.013,0.24 ± 0.012 ) (P ＜0.05,P＜0.01 ).Treatment with LPS for 24 hours,the level of TNF-α was significantly increased ( 53.84 ±24.84) pg/ml compared to the control group( 8.00 ± 10.87)pg/ml (P ＜ 0.01 ),fluoxetine at a dose of 10 μM can suppressed LPS-induced TNF-α release from astrocytes ( 28.85 ± 3.36 ) pg/ml (P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionFluoxetine can increase astrocytes viability and suppress LPS-induced TNF-α release from astrocytes.

Comparison of the effect of different local anesthetic epidural anesthesia for cesarean section / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of different local anesthetic epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. Methods 60 maternal intended to be carried out cesarean section by epidural anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. A group(n =30 cases) was administrated with 0.5% ropivacaine to anesthesia,and B group(n = 30 cases) was administrated with 0. 5% bupivacaine to anesthesia. The changes of hemodynamic were monitored,and the analgesic effect and adverse reactions were observed in the two groups. Results The differences of blood pressure, heart rate had no statistical significance between the two groups (all P＞0.05);Compared to B group, the anesthesia onset time, anesthesia time between the start of fetus, analgesic effect, adverse reactions of A group were significantly different (t = 4. 347,4. 528, x2 = 3. 834, 6. 429, all P ＜ 0. 05 ) ; Neonatal Apgar score showed no significant differences between the two groups ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Anesthesia with 0.5% ropivacaine for cesarean section had satisfactory anesthesia effect,and less adverse reactions.

Effects of maternal rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress before pregnancy on the behaviors and brain monamine of their adult male offspring / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To examine the effects of maternal rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress before pregnancy on the behaviors and brain monamine of their adult male offspring.Methods Sixteen SD rats were divided into chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) group and controls.CUS rats were exposed to 21 days chronic unpredictable stressors ,and the controls were stress-free.Ten days after the last stressor, all the female rats were caged with sexually experienced males of the same strain.Then we performed the following experiments on the two months male progeny, sucrose consumption measuring anhedonia, Morris water maze measuring cognitive function and high performance liquid chromatography detecting the contents of monoamine.Results The sucrose consumption showed that both sucrose intake and sucrose consumption percentage of the control progeny were higher than those of the CUS progeny ( sucrose consumption: ( 10.23 ± 4.12 ) g vs ( 6.48 ± 3.19 ) g; sucrose consumption percentage: ( 85.43 ± 20.15 ) % vs (60.98 ± 24.65 ) % ) (P ＜ 0.05 ).The number of times crossing the removed hidden platform in the CUS progeny ( 1.64 ± 1.69) was significantly fewer than that in the control progeny (4.17±2.29 ) in Morris water maze (P ＜ 0.05 ).The contents of serotonin in the hypothalamus of CUS progeny ( ( 500.17 ± 80.94 ) ng/g tissue) was lower than that of the control progeny ( ( 569.63 ± 50.91 ) ng/g tissue) (P ＜0.05) ,while the norepinephrine in the hippocampus of CUS progeny( (2315.01 ± 1397.12) ng/g tissue) was higher than that of the control progeny( (907.56 ± 207.27) ng/g tissue) (P＜0.05) by high performance liquid chromatography.Conclusions Depression or stressful events before pregnancy of dams result in anhedonia, decreased spatial memory and abnormalities in brain monoamine of their adult male progeny.

The role of general practitioners as "gatekeeper" in university health service center / 中华全科医师杂志

The article reviewed the function of general practitioners in Beijing Jiaotong University Health Service Center, which was transitioned from sole curative service to both curative and preventive services. The article also discussed the role as gatekeeper for health system played by practitioners in university health service centers.

Association between polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme gene and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objectve To investigate the association between insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Methods Polymorphism of ACE gene was analyzed by polymease chain reavtion (PCR) in 103 ADPKD patients and 16 ADPKD family constellations including 35 patients and 30 non-ill people. Clinical data were collected and age of onset, hepatocyst, hypertension, urinary tract infecton, urinary concretion, hematuria were used as the main parameters to analyze the association between ACE gene polymorphism and ADPKD. Results The age of onset in DD genotype was 7.2 years younger than that in DI genotype [(31.90±11.41) vs (39.10±10.08) years, P<0.05] and was 14.25 years younger than that in Ⅱ gene type [(31.90±11.41) vs(46.15±14.74) years, P<0.05]. The age of onset in I/D genotype was 7.05 years younger than that in Ⅱ genotype [(39.10±10.08) vs (46.15±14.74) years, P<0.05]. There were significance differences of main clinical symptoms (hypertension, hematuria and urinary tract infection) among three genotype groups. In 11 family constellations, ACE gene polymorphism presented genetic linkage, but without significant difference (P>0.05); the genotype distribution was not significantly different between ADPKD and non-ill people (P>0.05), as well as between man and woman (P>0.05); the DD genotype frequency was significantly higher in ADPKD patients with chronic renal failure (P<0.05). Conclusions The age of onset in DD gentype is the youngest among three groups. The incidence of hypertension and hematuria in DI genotype is the highest. The ACE gene polymorphism in ADPKD family constellation does not provide diagnosis information. The ACE gene I/D polymorphism may not contribute to ADPKD. The DD genotype of ACE may be a risk factor of renal failure in the ADPKD.